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Vegetation history and lake-level changes from the Younger Dryas to the present in Eastern Pyrenees (France): pollen, plant macrofossils and lithostratigraphy from Lake Racou (2000 m a.s.l.)

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Abstract

A multi-proxy palaeoecological investigation including pollen, plant macrofossil, radiocarbon and sedimentological analyses, was performed on a small mountain lake in the Eastern Pyrenees. This has allowed the reconstruction of: (1) the vegetation history of the area based on five pollen diagrams and eight AMS14C dates and (2) the past lake-level changes, based on plant macrofossil, lithological and pollen analysis of two stratigraphical transects correlated by pollen analysis. The palaeolake may have appeared before the Younger Dryas; the lake-level was low and the vegetation dominated by cold steppic grasslands. The lake-level rose to its highest level during the Holocene in the Middle Atlantic (at ca. 5060±45 b.p.). Postglacial forests (Quercetum mixtum and Abieto-Fagetum) developed progressively in the lower part of the valley, while dense Pinus uncinata forests rapidly invaded the surroundings of the mire and remained the dominant local vegetation until present. The observed lowering of the lake levels during the Late Atlantic and the Subboreal (from 5060 ± B.P. to 3590±40 b.p.) was related to the overgrowth of the mire. The first obvious indications of anthropogenic disturbances of the vegetation are recorded at the Atlantic/Subboreal boundary as a reduction in the forest component, which has accelerated during the last two millennia.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank C. Peñalba for useful comments and suggestions. S. Brewer is thanked for constructive comments and improving the English

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. IMEP, UMR 6116, Université Aix-Marseille III, Europôle Méditerranéen de l’Arbois, Bâtiment Villemin, BP 80, 13545, Aix-en-Provence, France

    Frédéric Guiter, Valérie Andrieu-Ponel, Maurice Reille, Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu & Philippe Ponel

  2. Department of Quaternary Geology, Lund University, Tornavägen 13, 22363, Lund, Sweden

    Gunnar Digerfeldt

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  1. Frédéric Guiter
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  2. Valérie Andrieu-Ponel
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  3. Gunnar Digerfeldt
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  4. Maurice Reille
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  5. Jacques-Louis de Beaulieu
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  6. Philippe Ponel
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Correspondence to Frédéric Guiter.

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Guiter, F., Andrieu-Ponel, V., Digerfeldt, G. et al. Vegetation history and lake-level changes from the Younger Dryas to the present in Eastern Pyrenees (France): pollen, plant macrofossils and lithostratigraphy from Lake Racou (2000 m a.s.l.). Veget Hist Archaeobot 14, 99–118 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00334-005-0065-z

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